The gall according to Mr. Painter is apparently produced by the sealing of the tops of both ray and disk flowers of Ratibida (Lepachys) columnaris, a cone flower collected at Austin, and Brownwood, Tex., May 14th.

The spring and summer galls occur on the flowers (PI. 1, fig. 15), the autumn galls on the leaf buds (PI. 2, fig. 7). In the former case they are formed from the ovary and flower parts of both ray and disk flowers. The tops of the young flowers are sealed up and the walls beneath thicken greatly. The gall is thin walled 5.5 mm. in diameter and contains a single larva.

Ratibida (coneflower)
...Asphondylia ratibidae Felt

Galls are monothalamous. This species has at least two generations per year. In summer the galls are in the flower heads. Infested flowers are swollen at their bases, and the florets do not open.