Proteoteras crescentana Kearfott

Hosts: Boxelder is the major host. Maples have been listed as hosts, but nothing is known of injuries on them.

Larvae bore into new shoots and twigs, which may be stunted or killed, causing loss in terminal growth and deformed or misshapen trees and causing galls to form (Wong and others 1983). The galls are actually abnormal swellings that become elongate to spindle shaped, similar to those caused by P willingana. Dark frass is often present around the entrance holes. Recent studies suggest that previous damage attributed to P willingana was actually due in part to P crescentana (Wong and others 1983).

Range: MD and OH west to SD and south to KS. Common in Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan.