Schismatodiplosis lantanae (Rubsaamen)

S. lantanae induced uni-chambered pouch galls inhabited by one larvae or pupa. This gall consisted predominantly of hypertrophied spongy parenchyma.

Schismatodiplosis lantanae induced spherical, green pocket galls, mostly prominent on the abaxial leaf side (Fig. 15), 7.4 ± 0.3 mm in diameter and with a regular, hairy surface. The unique larval chamber bore one larval inducer or its pupa (Fig. 16) and was bound by a nutritive tissue. This tissue was differentiated from the hyperplasia of the adaxial epidermis (Fig. 17). From the inside of the chamber, the ostiole channel was observed facing the adaxial surface (Fig. 18).

Schismatodiplosis lantanae galls had oval-shaped ordinary cells, and trichomes similar to those of the healthy leaves on the adaxial epidermal layer (Fig. 19). Stomata were absent. On the abaxial epidermal layer, the ordinary cells presented sinuous anticlinal walls and stomata and trichomes similar to those observed in healthy leaves (Fig. 20).

The nutritive tissue was one-layered, with thin-walled and oval-shaped cells (Fig. 21). Some necrotic areas indicated cicatrisation spots (Fig. 22).

Gall parenchyma could be divided into the following three zones: (1) hypertrophied cells with conspicuous nuclei surrounding the nutritive tissue (Figs 21 and 22), (2) hypertrophied spongy parenchyma cells with few chloroplasts and conspicuous intercellular spaces occupying the majority of gall cortex (Fig. 23) and (3) a one-layered palisade parenchyma just below the adaxial epidermis (Fig. 23). The vascular system consisted of small collateral bundles concentrically aligned between the fourth and the fifth parenchyma layers (Fig. 23).