Feron sulfureum (Weld, 1926) comb. nov.

Gall (Fig. 383). A hollow cone, sessile at base and open at apex, densely covered with long sulphur-yellow spines, on under surface of leaf, single or scattered, sometimes as many as nine on a leaf but usually only one to three. The cone is up to 7 mm high by 4 mm in diameter at base, with a crystalline surface, white or rosy when growing, the spines up to 4 mm long and often rosy at the tip. The larval cell lies transversely just below the middle of gall and below it is a small obconical cavity reaching to point of attachment. The lower part of the large distal cavity above larval cell is constricted by a narrow circular shelf.

Biology. Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on multiple oaks fromsection Quercus, subsection Leucomexicana: Q. arizonica, Q. grisea and Q. oblongifolia. Galls mature in the autumn dropping only with the leaf; adults emerge in late March-April.

Distribution. USA, Arizona only.

Andricus sulfureus

Quercus arizonica, oblongifolia
Leaf galls
Detachable
Fig 94 and 171.

Diplolepis sulfurea, new species

Hosts. — Quercus arizonica., grisea., oblongifolia.

Gall (figs. 8 and 36). — A hollow cone, sessile at base and open at apex, densely covered with long sulphur-yellow spines, on under surface of leaf, single or scattered, sometimes as many as nine on a leaf but usually only one to three. The cone is up to 7 mm. high by 4 mm. in diameter at base, with a crystalline surface, white or rosy when growing, the spines up to 4 mm. long and often rosy at the tip. The larval cell lies transversely just below middle of gall and below it is a small obconical cavity reaching to point of attachment. The lower part of the large distal cavity above larval cell is constricted off by a narrow circular shelf. Occurs in the fall dropping only with the leaf.

Habitat. — The type fly is selected from adults cut from galls on Q. arizonica collected by Ed Jacot September 28, 1919, in Bear Canyon in the Huachuca Mountains, Ariz. The flies were alive when cut out on December 4 and would probably have emerged in the spring. One paratype is from a gall on Q. grlsea collected at Ashfork in October, 1922. The writer has also taken the galls on Q. oblongifolia at Nogales and Patagonia and on Q. arizonica at Oracle, Patagonia, Ramsay Canyon in the Huachuca Mountains and at Bisbee.

Andricus sulfureus
Crystal-tube-gall wasp

Hosts: Quercus arizonica, oblongifolia

Sulfur-yellow and red bristles stand erect from the galls' sides.